The elevator pitch needs work.<p>"in any language", but then the page says "We currently support C, C++, Python, TypeScript, and Rust."<p>"Lingua Franca is a coordination language" but then "Not a New Programming Language".<p>I think I see what this is going for but the descriptions need a lot of improvement.
I like that the code example seems to indicate they took the concept of "ports" from flow-based programming, which might be one of it's absolute strongest points:<p><pre><code> player2.reveal -> player1.observe
player1.reveal -> player2.observe
</code></pre>
That is, enabling data flow connections between individual inputs/outputs, and not just between components, which otherwise is too limiting, and typically causes a lot of extra syntax to handle that routing otherwise.<p>Wrote about it in the context of workflow systems way back (<a href="https://livingsystems.cc/posts/workflows-dataflow-not-task-deps/" rel="nofollow">https://livingsystems.cc/posts/workflows-dataflow-not-task-d...</a>)<p>---<p>Edit 11:12 CET: I realize that “named ports” better captures what I had in mind here, as elaborated in a comment below.
Ports are a general feature of components in the software architecture literature (and corresponding systems).<p>In addition, connectors also become structured.<p>Objective-Smalltalk uses polymorphic connectors to adaptively and mostly automatically choose the level of granularity you want to operate at.<p><a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3689492.3690052" rel="nofollow">https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3689492.3690052</a><p>---<p>That aside: really cool article! Dataflow just pops up everywhere as a really, really useful abstraction, and our languages don't support it well as a <i>general</i> mechanism.<p>Instead we tend to have specialized dataflow-y tooling for <i>one</i> area of programming where the advantages are so significant that the impedance mismatch is worth it nonetheless.
I think you are right, and I should have done a search on that before. Found now that FBP inventor cites someone Weinberg from 1975 about them (though FBP is supposed to be from around 69-70, so might be a somewhat parallel discovery):<p>> Now what are "IN" and "OUT" that our pseudocode receives IPs from and sends them to? They are not the names of connections, as this would tie a component's code to one place in the network, but are things called "ports". "Portae" means "gates" in Latin, and ports (like seaports) can be thought of as specific places in a wall or boundary where things or people go in or out. Weinberg (1975) describes a port as<p>"... a special place on the boundary through which input and output flow... Only within the location of the port can the dangerous processes of input and output take place, and by so localizing these processes, special mechanisms may be brought to bear on the special problems of input and output."<p><a href="https://www.jpaulmorrison.com/fbp/concepts_book.shtml" rel="nofollow">https://www.jpaulmorrison.com/fbp/concepts_book.shtml</a><p>Still, I'm amazed at how it took so long before they became mainstream in data flow oriented libraries and DSLs.<p>And it seems J.P. Morrison was also highlighting <i>Named</i> ports as particularly useful, which is also perhaps what I should have highlighted in my initial comment above.<p>It's gotten better lately it seems, but a lot of tools skipped that part, which now requires tons of specialized syntax just for routing of multiple parallel streams.<p>---<p>Thank you for kind words!
it's (it is) -> its (belongs to it)<p>I'm not trying to be pedantic, but they're different words, and (esp. considering how capable our community is when it comes to logic and precision with programming languages) I find it strange how often this "it's / its" error is repeated. Calling it out in hopes of helping others get it right.
There's nothing strange about how often this error is repeated. It is a fault in the "design" of the English language, which violates its own rules, insofar as it has any. Apostrophes are used for both possessives and contractions, eg. "That's John's ball". Indeed possessive "it's" was historically written with the apostrophe. That the apostrophe was dropped to become possessive "its" is completely arbitrary special-case logic, and given that there is no logic behind which it was dropped from, it is easily subject to confusion because you cannot reason about which is which if you forget in the moment.
Thanks for your response. You raise an interesting point, but I take a different view. Contractions _always_ use an apostrophe, while possessives only sometimes do [they're / their, you're / your, he's / his, she's / her, it's / its, ...]. For "it", the apostrophe alone serves to distinguish between the two words.
> Contractions _always_ use an apostrophe<p>Are you really gonna say that? Are you sure you don't wanna reconsider? That's kinda sorta not true, I've gotta say, especially what with Halloween coming up soon.<p>> For "it", the apostrophe alone serves to distinguish between the two words.<p>Sure, but that doesn't establish which to drop it from. English coulda just as well dropped it from the contraction.
Indeed, it's pretty much the opposite of "logic and precision"
You’re wrong. It’s can mean either. Both are correct.<p>I’m trying to be pedantic and calling this out in the hopes of helping you get it right.
I don't really understand what problem this is meant to solve at first glance. It'd be nice to see a simple example program involving concurrency written in plain Python, then a discussion of the annoying bookkeeping involved in avoiding concurrency errors and what traps would be easy to fall into, and then an example of how the same thing would be implemented using Lingua Franca and an explanation of how eliminates the bookkeeping and traps.
Here are Python examples, that you can test in the playground: <a href="https://github.com/lf-lang/playground-lingua-franca/tree/main/examples/Python" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/lf-lang/playground-lingua-franca/tree/mai...</a>
If you like the idea and work in robotics try out copper-rs, it works on the same underpinning concept but at compile time in rust + a graph description.
The latest addition to the kernel is a profile guided scheduling feature that allows you to optimize the concurrency of the graph still at compile time based on previous timing measurements from its deterministic logs.
Good to see flow-based programming (FBP) concepts spreading! Will add LF to the <a href="https://github.com/flux-doctrine/awesome-fbp" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/flux-doctrine/awesome-fbp</a> list that I maintain
I think the main example on the landing page is a bit counterintuitive?<p>Rock Paper Scissors but the graph presents the reveal as a reaction to the observation? In a loop? And somewhere there's a min-delay of a magical 1 sec? Why 1 sec and not 0.1 sec? Can this build up and the players get out of sync? (A bit strange to 'just wait, lol' if the language aims at solving problems in distributed systems).<p>Overall the example would be better if it separated the game from the players and also split out the repeat loop.<p>Maybe let both player reveal to a host and then receive a result (and the choices) ~ This way both players can be sure that the choice of the other player is independent of the observation.<p>(I know that the example is 'correct' in that the choice is made independent of the observation but I think the example could be improved if it solved some of the coordination problems involved in the scenario more cleanly through code architecture).<p>Overall I quite like the idea of having this polyglot meta language!
Erlang can do these very well. Is there anything LF better? Just asking for opinion.
I wonder, if there is so long research, why you have not come to conclusion that the main problem is not reactor/proactor/event loop, but writing actual asynchronous business logic. The industry has gone mostly coroutine approach, requiring special technology support and usually with lack of fine predictable execution and stack control for mission-critical cases.
That's the reason why FutoIn AsyncSteps exists as concept and reference implementation in C++, Java and JS/ECMAScript. It is compatible with foreign reactors by design via AsyncTool interface.
Title is incorrect of course, it is: "Intuitive concurrent programming in a separate language than the one you use for the actual work"<p>... which is not to say it's irrelevant, but still: Why is it worthwhile to have a separate language for this, rather than some library with bindings in various languages?
Interesting.<p>Your use of the word "Reactor" at first confused me since there is a "Reactor Pattern" for event handling (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactor_pattern" rel="nofollow">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactor_pattern</a>) which is not what you mean.<p>How does your concurrency model differ from that of Erlang (the poster child for distributed concurrency)? Do you have a paper detailing your model and comparing with other languages?<p>I recently read Roman Obermaisser's excellent book "Event-Triggered and Time-Triggered Control Paradigms" which seems applicable to your architecture. At the bottom most level you have a global communication network based on a synchronized global clock and "Time-Triggered"(TT) semantics which is deterministic. A "Event-Triggered"(ET) communication channel is then overlaid on top of it which is non-deterministic. That way the system provides both hard real-time (i.e. TT) and soft real-time (i.e. ET) semantics.
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The award for the worst name goes to...<p>Seriously, it's long and still common, even in the context of computing, even in programming languages. Why would you choose a long name with two words and then not choose something somewhat unique? Such a horrible decision.<p>Really sad given that otherwise this seems like one of the more interesting new languages I've seen on HN.